Hidden threat lurking in extensive hand hygiene during the Covid-19 pandemic: investigation of sensitizing molecules in gel products by hyphenated chromatography techniques.

During the Covid-19 pandemic, health agencies worldwide have recommended frequent handwashing and sanitizing. A variety of hand gel products were made available on the market, often with fragrances added to curtail the strong smell of alcohol. Commonly used Citrus fragrances contain volatile aroma constituents and non-volatile oxygen heterocyclic compounds (OHCs), consisting mostly of polymethoxyflavones, coumarins, and furocoumarins. The latter have long been investigated for their phototoxic properties, and their safety as cosmetic product ingredients has been debated recurrently. To this concern, twelve commercial Citrus-scented products were investigated in this study. An extraction method was optimized for thirty-seven OHC compounds, obtaining absolute mean recovery values in the 73.5-116% range with only few milliliters of solvent consumption. Analysis by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection evidenced that three samples did not conform to the labeling requirements for fragrance allergens (coumarin) laid down by the European Union Regulation on Cosmetic Products. The total furocoumarin (FC) content of the samples investigated was in the 0.003-3.7ppm range, with some noteworthy exceptions. Specifically, in two samples, the total FCs were quantified as 89 and 219 ppm, thus exceeding the safe limits recommended up to a factor of 15. Finally, the consistency of the volatile fingerprint attained by gas chromatography allowed drawing conclusions on the authenticity of the Citrus fragrances labeled, and several products did not conform to the information reported on the label concerning the presence of essential oils. Besides the issue of product authenticity, analytical tools and regulatory actions for widespread testing of hand hygiene products are urgent, to protect consumers' health and safety.

Hyaluronic Acid in Facial Rehabilitation—A Narrative Review

Background: Hyaluronic acid fillers (HAF) are a versatile tool in esthetic medicine. They also have a potential for medical indications including facial rehabilitation. Materials and methods: We performed a literature search on PUBMED and Google Scholar until December 2022. Clinical trials, clinical studies, review articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, case series, and case reports were considered for review. Keywords "facial rehabilitation”, "acne scars”, "traumatic scars”, "oral restoration”, "facial lipoatrophy”, "facial asymmetry”, "periocular correction”, "nasal obstruction”, "ear lobe restoration”, "morphea”, AND "hyaluronic acid filler” were used to select articles. Results: We prepared a narrative review on the use of HAF for correction of facial asymmetry and asymmetric lips, improvement of different types of scars, improvement of the jaw line, improvement of ear lobes, periocular and oral restoration, and the treatment of nasal obstruction and morphea en coub de sabre. The amount of HA used in these indications is often less than 1 mL. The bolus technique, fanning, and dual-plane injections can be utilized for treatment. Duration of clinical effects depends upon the anatomical region and is usually maintained between 2 months and 2 years. Adverse events are often mild and temporary. Vascular occlusion is a severe adverse event, but it has not been reported yet for these medical indications. Repeated injections are recommended to obtain a longer-lasting improvement. In cases of morphea, only stable and non-inflammatory plaques should be treated. The advantage of HAF compared to permanent and semipermanent fillers is the availability of hyaluronidase for rapid removal of filler material and to revise overcorrection. Conclusions: HAF play an auxiliary role in facial rehabilitation. Knowledge of filler qualities, anatomy, and underlying diagnoses is important for their safe application. More prospective controlled trials are necessary to improve evidence.

Beauty Face: An Android Application for Cosmetic Consumers to Try On and Receive Product Recommendation

Nowadays, the number of smartphone users shopping online over the internet is increasing due to the COVID-19 pandemic situation. People need to stay safe at home and work from home according to the social distancing policy. It is difficult for people to go shopping onsite at a physical store. Especially, cosmetic consumers cannot try on cosmetic products, and they are not sure which product is suitable for them. Therefore, to solve these problems, this research project proposes 'Beauty Face', which is an android application for cosmetic consumers who would like to try on products and receive recommendations. The Beauty Face application allows users to find the desired products and view product information. Also, it provides a useful feature for users to try on products by applying augmented reality (AR) technology to simulate cosmetic and beauty products on the user's face. Moreover, the Beauty Face application can recommend products that are appropriate for users by applying machine learning (ML) technology. The Beauty Face application can be helpful for cosmetic users to be more convenient in buying cosmetic and beauty products online and reducing chances of being infected or spreading COVID-19. © 2022 IEEE.

Assessment of Antioxidant, Anti-Lipid Peroxidation, Antiglycation, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Tyrosinase Properties of Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl

Dendrobium sulcatum Lindl or "Ueang Jampa-Nan” (Orchidaceae family) is widely dis-tributed in Thailand and Laos. It is classified in the genus Dendrobium, which is used in both traditional Chinese medicine and Ayurvedic medicine for health enhancement and anti-aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the phytochemical constituents and bioefficacy of stems, leaves and flowers from D. sulcatum for cosmetic and cosmeceutical applications. Phenolic and flavonoid contents were tested for the phytochemical evaluation. The antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays), anti-lipid peroxidation, antiglycation, anti-inflammatory and anti-tyrosinase properties were assessed for their bioefficacy. The results showed that the extracts of stem and leaf had higher total phenolic content than that of the flower, and the leaf extract had the highest flavonoid content. The antioxidant, anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were greater in those from the stem and leaf compared with that of the flower. The leaf extract exhibited the greatest antiglycation property. The results of anti-tyrosinase analysis of the extracts showed that the leaf and flower exhibited potent activities with a percentage inhibition greater than 70% (at a concentration of 50 µg/mL). In conclusion, these findings suggest that the ethanolic extracts from different parts of D. sulcatum are promising sources of natural active ingredients for further cosmetic and cosmeceutical products.

Monitoring of the Surfactants in Surface Waters in Slovakia and the Possible Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Their Presence

In order to keep the home and occupational environment clean and non-infectious, the consumption of cleaners and disinfectants, including cosmetics, is increasing. Excessive use of these products results in their accumulation in the aquatic environment. Conventional wastewater treatment plants are unable to effectively remove the emergent pollutants, including personal care products. This article is focused on the monitoring of the presence of personal care products in surface waters in two river basins in the Slovak Republic, in terms of the surfactant content. Ecotoxicological evaluation of the selected samples from the monitored river basins was performed by an acute toxicity test using the test organism Daphnia magna. The monitoring results indicate the presence of personal care products in the aquatic environment which poses an ecological and environmental risk. Monitoring in the Hron and Nitra river basins confirmed contamination with the surfactants, to which the measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic contributed. The content of the surfactants in personal care products is significant, and their impact on the aquatic environment is not sufficiently monitored.

Packaging plastic waste management in the cosmetic industry

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the relationship between the various variables present in the packaging plastic waste management system in the cosmetics industry.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors deal with plastic packaging waste in the cosmetic industry with the help of system dynamics. The model broadly divides the system into six sections – Cosmetic Packaging, Waste Generation, Waste Collected, Waste Sorted, Waste Treated and Waste Dumped. Businesses have been investing in each section depending on their progress and targets. The authors are looking at case studies of two leading cosmetic brands, L'Oréal and L'Occitane en Provence, to validate the industry practices against our model.FindingsFrom a business perspective, using the case study methodology for L'Oréal and L'Occitane, the authors inferred that out of the various investment vehicles available, companies are targeting technological advancement and third-party collaborations as they have the potential to offer the greatest visible change. However, most of these investments are going toward the treatment subsection. Still, there is a scope for improvement in the collection and sorting subsystems, increasing the efficiency of the whole chain.Originality/valueThere has been a lot of research on packaging plastic waste management in the past, but only a few of them focused on the cosmetic industry. This study aims to connect all the possible variables involved in the cosmetic industry's packaging plastic waste management system and provide a clear output variable for various businesses looking to manage their packaging waste because of their products efficiently.

Awareness of Cosmetic Procedures among Adults Seeking to Enhance Their Physical Appearance: A Cross-Sectional Pilot Study in Central Jordan

The increase in urban society in the use of cosmetic practices to rejuvenate oneself or obtain a more appealing appearance has influenced the practices of cosmetic dermatologists, general medical practitioners, plastic surgeons, and dental practitioners, among others. The pharmaceutical industry has evolved to meet customers' desire to be more physically attractive irrespectively of age and gender. This study aimed to preliminarily explore Jordanian adults' awareness of dental, facial, and other cosmetic procedures. The reasons for undergoing such cosmetic procedures and self-reported knowledge of the side effects or risks associated with these interventions were also explored. The results show that the participants had undergone various procedures to enhance their looks, attractiveness, and confidence. None of the female participants wanted to emulate a celebrity. Most participants were aware of the side effects associated with cosmetic procedures, which may be attributed to their educational backgrounds, as the participants' minimum qualification was 12th grade and their easy access to information services such as electronic media. A multicenter, large-scale, regional study is required to determine the associations, correlations, and recommendations for individuals seeking cosmetic treatment, cosmetic health providers, and policymakers.

Future perspective safe cosmetics: Focused on associated with ISO natural organic index.

BACKGROUND: As we enter the era of long COVID, recent studies on the relationship between coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and skin are being conducted from various angles. Awareness of the safety of healthy skin is increasing. OBJECTIVES: Therefore, in this study, we empirically analyzed safe cosmetics, natural cosmetics, and organic cosmetics, which have recently become a critical issue. METHODS: Keywords such as 'long COVID', 'COVID-19 Skin', 'ISO Natural Organic Index', 'edible', 'safe cosmetics', 'natural cosmetics', and 'organic cosmetics' were searched and created. This study was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, Riss, Scopus, and ResearchGate. Accordingly, a total of 689 papers were studied. This paper was successfully completed using a total of 41 references in this study using PRISMA flow diagram. RESULTS: In the long COVID era, customers in the beauty and cosmetics market will have to apply ISO natural organic ingredients to the cosmetics and beauty industry, reflecting consumer demand for edible ingredients for safety issues. Therefore, it will be able to provide new strategy and implications for a safer cosmetic market that values health and beauty. CONCLUSION: Therefore, in this literature review, interest in skin has increased due to the long corona, and it was determined that changes in the cosmetic market would be necessary by using the ISO natural organic index for the consumer's desire for healthy skin. Therefore, in this article, in the future development of eco-friendly organic cosmetics, in line with the natural and environment-friendly changes reminiscent of the efficacy or ingredients of products, it is necessary to develop cosmetics using the ISO natural organic index that meets the needs of consumers and a differentiated strategy.

A popularization of curation service for dermatological condition in Republic of Korea.

BACKGROUND: Consumer and advanced consumption culture in modern society is an era that focuses on individual personality and value, and "my own customized products", or customized marketing strategies, are actively being developed throughout the industry. Recently, IT technologies that can support personalized services such as artificial intelligence, ubiquitous systems, and marketing automation have been recognized for their potential, directly or indirectly affecting distribution industries affected by personal consumption culture. Accordingly, customized products or services, i.e., customization, are attracting attention as an effective methodology to cope with such market changes. OBJECTIVES: Among the necessities used by modern women, cosmetics account for an endless interest in beauty and maintaining physical and mental health, and as the cosmetics market expands, it is considered that the cosmetics industry needs a clearer and in-depth study on the cosmetics submarket to satisfy consumers' diverse needs. METHODS: This review paper is a literature review, and a narrative review approach has been used for this study. A total of 300 to 400 references were selected using representative journal search websites such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ResearchGate, LitCovid, DBPia, and RISS, of which a total of 42 papers were selected in the final stage based on 2013 to 2022 using PRISMA flow diagram. RESULTS: This study suggested to indicate the changes in the cosmetics market due to the emergence of cosmetics curation services after the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic, advanced changes in consumer purchase patterns following the 4th Industrial Revolution, and significant future prospects of cosmetics curation services. CONCLUSION: As the beauty and cosmetology industry is expected to develop in the future, it will grow as a centerpiece of the beauty industry and symbolizes nationalized cultural pride. Therefore, this review article will be continuing to promote customization as a premium beauty service for dermatological condition in Republic of Korea through corporate analysis.

Seasonal variation and ecological risk assessment of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) in a typical semi-enclosed bay — The Bohai Bay in northern China

The Bohai Bay as a typical semi-enclosed bay in northern China with poor water exchange capacity and significant coastal urbanization, is greatly influenced by land-based inputs and human activities. As a class of pseudo-persistent organic pollutants, the spatial and temporal distribution of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) is particularly important to the ecological environment, and it will be imperfect to assess the ecological risk of PPCPs for the lack of systematic investigation of their distribution in different season. 14 typical PPCPs were selected to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution in the Bohai Bay by combining online solid-phase extraction (SPE) and HPLC-MS/MS techniques in this study, and their ecological risks to aquatic organisms were assessed by risk quotients (RQs) and concentration addition (CA) model. It was found that PPCPs widely presented in the Bohai Bay with significant differences of spatial and seasonal distribution. The concentrations of ∑PPCPs were higher in autumn than in summer. The distribution of individual pollutants also showed significant seasonal differences. The high values were mainly distributed in estuaries and near-shore outfalls. Mariculture activities in the northern part of the Bohai Bay made a greater contribution to the input of PPCPs. Caffeine, florfenicol, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin were the main pollutants in the Bohai Bay, with detection frequencies exceeding 80 %. The ecological risk of PPCPs to algae was significantly higher than that to invertebrates and fish. CA model indicated that the potential mixture risk of total PPCPs was not negligible, with 34 % and 88 % of stations having mixture risk in summer and autumn, respectively. The temporary stagnation of productive life caused by Covid-19 weakened the input of PPCPs to the Bohai Bay, reducing the cumulative effects of the pollutants. This study was the first full-coverage investigation of PPCPs in the Bohai Bay for different seasons, providing an important basis for the ecological risk assessment and pollution prevention of PPCPs in the bay. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

Upscaling the pharmacy profession: Knowledge and willingness of the Lebanese pharmacists to practice the administration of dermal fillers.

Background: The rapid global development of the pharmacy profession has led pharmacists to enter the cosmetic industry by administering injectable dermal fillers (DFs) to those in need. However, there is no clear indication that the Lebanese pharmacists are familiar with these procedures or are willing to do so. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the Lebanese community pharmacists' knowledge about DFs and their willingness to administer them. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was sent to 461 randomly selected pharmacists who agreed to participate in the study after a phone call. A scoring system for the knowledge about DFs was employed. Results: Only 31.4 % of participants reported formal education as the source of knowledge about DFs, and 3.7 % of them reported practicing them on patients. The mean score of knowledge was 5.9 ± 2.5 (out of 14). High level of knowledge was observed in only 25 % of the participants, where females, older and experienced pharmacists, and those working in Beirut region were more significantly knowledgeable. Around 67 % of participants were willing to be trained in this field to expand their field of practice and improve their income. Conclusions: Lebanese community pharmacists are not yet ready for this new dimension in the career. Legislative procedures, training, licensing, and developed pharmacy curriculum must precede the practice of DFs by pharmacists in Lebanon.

Intention to consume halal pharmaceutical products: evidence from Indonesia

PurposeDespite the importance of pharmaceutical products in everyday life, particularly after the coronavirus outbreak in early 2020, only a few studies have attempted to analyse consumer behaviour with regard to halal pharmaceutical products. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the factors influencing purchase intention for halal pharmaceutical products among Indonesian Muslims.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses a theory of planned behaviour approach, in which religiosity and knowledge of halal product variables are added to attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control variables. Primary data were collected from 225 Indonesian Muslims in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia and analysed using structural equation modelling.FindingsThe study found that the intention to purchase halal pharmaceutical products is positively affected by attitude, religiosity, knowledge of halal products and perceived behavioural control. However, the influence of the subjective norm variable was found to be insignificant in this study.Research limitations/implicationsIt is possible to improve the empirical model by including more explanatory variables and investigating the mediating effect of the variables. The study could also be scaled up to reach more respondents in different regions and countries. These additional aspects would provide better insights into the behaviour of consumers when considering halal pharmaceutical products.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest the importance of designing and implementing appropriate strategies and campaigns to enhance knowledge of halal products, of positive attitudes and of better resources/opportunities to consume halal pharmaceutical products. The industry needs to highlight its products' halal and tayyib aspects through proper branding and promotion strategies. The government and other stakeholders could also implement education campaigns to increase halal products and halal literacy knowledge. These are ultimately expected to enhance the effectiveness of halal regulations and meet Muslim consumer expectations in the country.Originality/valueDespite the importance of halal pharmaceutical products, this area has received limited attention in the academic literature. Thus, this study attempts to elaborate on consumer behaviour in this niche area.

Mega-Influencers as Online Opinion Leaders: Establishing Cosmetic Brand Engagement on Social Media

The prominent growth of social media users, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, allows social media to become a potential platform for product promotion. The presence of digital influencers as online opinion leaders has been proven to influence brand value perception, establish brand engagement, and encourage consumer purchase intention. As the country with the fourth-largest population globally, Indonesia is a lucrative market for cosmetic products. In addition to the rising number of the millennial generation who is interested in beauty products, the male segment which is no less concerned about appearance also expands the cosmetics market. A quantitative method was applied using an online questionnaire to 220 samples. The findings reveal that perceived influence has a positive effect on purchase intention with brand engagement in self-concept and brand expected value as the mediating variables. Likewise, brand engagement in self-concept has a positive effect on brand expected value. This study recommends XYZ Cosmetics to continue enrolling Tasya Farasya, considering that, as a mega-influencer with enormous Instagram followers in Indonesia, she can drive the perception and behavior of her followers.

Body care activities and its consequences related to COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Symptoms of illnesses related to COVID-19 disease include also dermatological changes. Moreover, modification of cosmetic and hygenic habits are widely noted. AIM: The aim of this paper is to review the literature focused on skin manifestations related to COVID-19 disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In order to obtain information contained in this review article electronic databases, such as Google Scholar and PubMed, was searched. Only peer-reviewed articles published in the past two years have been studied. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: People have changed their cosmetics and hygenic habits, what has an impact on spreading COVID-19 disease, as well as on the beauty industry and human health. CONCLUSION: More emphasis should be placed on increasing knowledge about skin lesions, which may appear in course of the disease or are associated with changes in hygenic and cosmetics habits.

Empowerment of SME's sustainability in halal cosmetics' ecosystem by diagnosing growth constraints

Purpose>This study aims to identify and examine the growth constraints of the halal cosmetics ecosystem in which SMEs are operating in, with special focus on the situation in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approach>The study adopted a qualitative methodology consisting of a systematic literature review and interviews with selected consumers and policymakers. The instruments were developed based on cybernetics and a systems-based approach, which allows for the understanding of the dynamics of growth variables in the halal cosmetics ecosystem. Based on data gathered, their relationships were mapped and major growth constraints were identified.Findings>Cybernetics and systems approach coupled with growth diagnostics framework has enabled identification of comprehensive growth constraint variables for halal cosmetics ecosystem and mapping of growth constraints (variables) in a relationships network. The study found that the enforcement activities of the National Pharmaceutical Research Agency (Cosmetics Unit) directly affect five growth constraints and is associated with three other growth constraint variables;subsequently the most binding growth constraint. The relationship network derived from the mapping of the growth constraints indicated that changes in the behaviour of any element will affect the overall operations of the ecosystem.Research limitations/implications>While the cosmetics industry is large and varied, this study is centred on halal colour cosmetics only. The growth constraint variables studied are those chosen by researchers and other growth constraints could be studied to guide policymakers. Future research can revolve around other halal cosmetics business sectors;impact of IR4.0 technology, COVID-19 pandemic impact;crisis and risk management issues, in the halal cosmetics industry.Practical implications>The results derived from the cybernetics analysis affirms the "outside-in” marketing perspective, thus stakeholders should continuously monitor changes in the halal cosmetics ecosystem to ensure to ensure sustainability and profitability. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and policymakers can initiate pre-emptive actions by conducting simulations of various situations on the halal ecosystem.Social implications>Enabled to simulate the effect of changes to the halal cosmetics ecosystem, stakeholders are able to take intervention initiatives, safeguard accessibility to halal cosmetics and make the halal cosmetics industry sustainable.Originality/value>To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first comprehensive research to identify the growth constraints of the halal cosmetics industry in Malaysia that focusses on three groups of stakeholders (consumers, SMEs and government institutions) concurrently. The growth constraints relationship network of the halal cosmetics ecosystem can be further used to simulate the impact of changes within the system.

Impacts of video communication on psychological well-being and cosmetic surgery acceptance.

Video communication via platforms such as Zoom has been routinely used as a communication tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scientific evidence has suggested that constant video communication can have detrimental consequences such as "Zoom fatigue", inhibiting collaboration, and new information exchange. The current study focuses on the effects of using video communication technology on self-esteem, affect, and image perception under the framework of objective self-awareness (OSA). We implemented a survey among a large sample of video communication users. The results revealed a nuanced picture of OSA with video communication: merely seeing self-video and the time of using video communication won't activate OSA. However, being a listener and a part of the audience in video communication activated OSA. In turn, OSA significantly increased the attention paid to oneself, leading to critical self-evaluation, negative affect, and a greater level of cosmetic surgery acceptance. Moreover, OSA reduced the level of self-esteem. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Beauty Industry's Strategic Response to Metaverse Evolution: Focused on Generation MZ

The South Korean cosmetics industry is loved by the whole world in the name of 'K-beauty' together with the Hallyu culture, and has been established as one of South Korea's key export items. In particular, lots of changes occur rapidly due to the development of telecommunication and the introduction of new technologies, and also changes caused by COVID-19 have brought about great changes in all the areas of distribution and sales. In addition, the consumption of the MZ generation shows different patterns from the existing consumer generations, and a new change in distribution and sales start in earnest according as their influence grows. While metaverse platform services, which are yet in their early stages, are now used mostly by entertainment area and global large companies, it is deemed that continuous investment and technological innovation will accelerate the expansion of metaverse platforms. Currently, response to cosmetics industry in the metaverse platform market is trivial, but cosmetics industry will also have to provide services through the market of this new type before long. For this, it should understand the consumption tendency of the main consumers, and grope for marketing strategies responding to it. The strategies are as follows: First, the consumption patterns of the MZ generation, which will grow as a main consumer group in the future though they are not a current main consumption group, should be understood, and marketing methods should be developed in agreement with consumption patterns pursued by them. Second, PR and marketing embracing the values of the MZ generation, such as environment and value-based consumption should be carried out, and services of real-time communication through stories sympathized by the MZ generation should be provided. Third, while offline experience is important, the marketing of experience in metaverse platforms should be provided, and goods that enable two-way communication and simultaneous enjoyment should be provided by planning and developing goods that allow linkage between metaverse and offline, Lastly, it is deemed that strategies for attracting consumers by providing contents of amusement and fun should be used. © 2022 IEEE.

Sustainable Yeast oil – What the Fat?

After almost three years of an ongoing pandemic, climate change sent its regards this summer to remind humankind of what the future will look like. With political uncertainties arising worldwide, a sustainable oil source becomes increasingly important in both terms: ecological and economical. Yeast oil, triacylglycerides produced by oleaginous yeasts, is a promising alternative or even replacement to plant oils like cocoa butter, palm oil and similar. It has a small ecological footprint, can be produced locally in a reliable manner and has unique characteristics making it functional in multiple applications. The following article aims to give an exciting glimpse into a trending topic and COLIPI, a startup located in Hamburg dedicated to leading the fat revolution. [ FROM AUTHOR]

Use of Hand Creams during the Period of Frequent Disinfection in COVID-19 Pandemic-Preference Survey and Evaluation of Mercury Contamination.

The skin is one of the ways the human body is exposed to toxic elements, including mercury (Hg). Hand creams are cosmetics that should be of high quality due to the fact that they can be used on irritated skin, which can facilitate the absorption of many ingredients. The study consisted of two stages: a consumer questionnaire was conducted regarding the preferences of the respondents, and then the Hg content in hand creams was determined. The survey covered 184 people with an age of 26.9 ± 7.8 years. Based on their preferences, 140 hand creams were selected for the study. The Hg content in the creams was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with the amalgamation technique. The median content of this toxic element was 4.067 µg/kg. No influence of the country of origin, price, package size, main ingredients, and direction of action on the Hg content was shown. Noncarcinogenic risk assessment using the hazard quotient (HQ) indicated that the tested creams are safe. However, it should be emphasized that Hg has been shown in over 99% of the samples, which indicates that the content of this element in hand creams should be monitored.

Effect of Augmented Reality on Online Beauty Accessory Purchase During Covid 19 Pandemic: A Study of Loreal Paris Makeup Genius

The COVID-19 pandemic that happened in the course of 2020 affects financial area in the cosmetic Industry. Shoppers can generally utilize on-line channels to diminish eye to eye contact with consumers. This examination expects to interrupt down the result of Augmented Reality during COVID-19 pandemic on retail customer conduct. This research utilizes subjective ways with auxiliary data sources no heritable from Delhi NCR working professionals and University students were taken. For this research qualitative analytical technique have been used with the help of questionnaire and data has been collected with the help of online voice records through social media, so this research is an exploratory cum descriptive research the outcomes show that the patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic are internet rooming and pure web primarily based shopping. This exploration is needed to be valuable for advertisers however Augmented Reality helps in rising retail showcasing procedures throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and increase a superior agreement and a lot of in-depth viewpoints how this new innovation (AR) creates interest in web based looking and make it more powerful for the corrective business.